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==Movement==

There are three movement scales, as follows.

*Tactical, for combat, measured in feet (or squares) per [[SRD:Round|round]].
*Local, for exploring an area, measured in feet per minute.
*Overland, for getting from place to place, measured in miles per hour or miles per day.

=====Modes of Movement=====

While moving at the different movement scales, creatures generally walk, hustle, or run.

======Walk======

A walk represents unhurried but purposeful movement at 3 miles per hour for an unencumbered human.

======Hustle======

A hustle is a jog at about 6 miles per hour for an unencumbered human. A character moving his or her speed twice in a single [[SRD:Round|round]], or moving that speed in the same [[SRD:Round|round]] that he or she performs a [[SRD:Standard Actions|standard action]] or another [[SRD:Move Actions|move action]] is hustling when he or she moves.

======Run (×3)======

Moving three times speed is a running pace for a character in heavy armor. It represents about 9 miles per hour for a human in full plate.

======Run (×4)======

Moving four times speed is a running pace for a character in light, medium, or no armor. It represents about 12 miles per hour for an unencumbered human, or 8 miles per hour for a human in chainmail.

===Tactical Movement===

:''see also:'' [[SRD:Movement, Position, and Distance|Movement, Position, and Distance]]

Use tactical movement for combat. Characters generally don’t walk during combat—they hustle or run. A character who moves his or her speed and takes some action is hustling for about half the [[SRD:Round|round]] and doing something else the other half.

=====Hampered Movement=====

Difficult terrain, obstacles, or poor visibility can hamper movement. When movement is hampered, each square moved into usually counts as two squares, effectively reducing the distance that a character can [[SRD:Cover|cover]] in a move.

If more than one condition applies, multiply together all additional costs that apply. (This is a specific exception to the normal rule for doubling)

In some situations, your movement may be so hampered that you don’t have sufficient speed even to move 5 feet (1 square). In such a case, you may use a [[SRD:Full-Round Actions|full-round action]] to move 5 feet (1 square) in any direction, even diagonally. Even though this looks like a [[SRD:5-Foot Step|5-foot step]], it’s not, and thus it provokes [[SRD:Attack of Opportunity|attacks of opportunity]] normally. (You can’t take advantage of this rule to move through impassable terrain or to move when all movement is prohibited to you.)

You can’t run or charge through any square that would hamper your movement.

===Local Movement===

Characters exploring an area use local movement, measured in feet per minute.

=====Walk=====

A character can walk without a problem on the local scale.

=====Hustle=====

A character can hustle without a problem on the local scale. See Overland Movement, below, for movement measured in miles per hour.

=====Run=====

A character with a [[SRD:Constitution|Constitution]] score of 9 or higher can run for a minute without a problem. Generally, a character can run for a minute or two before having to rest for a minute

===Overland Movement===

Characters covering long distances cross-country use overland movement. Overland movement is measured in miles per hour or miles per day. A day represents 8 hours of actual travel time. For rowed watercraft, a day represents 10 hours of rowing. For a sailing ship, it represents 24 hours.

=====Walk=====

A character can walk 8 hours in a day of travel without a problem. Walking for longer than that can wear him or her out (see Forced March, below).

=====Hustle=====

A character can hustle for 1 hour without a problem. Hustling for a second hour in between sleep cycles deals 1 point of [[SRD:Nonlethal Damage|nonlethal damage]], and each additional hour deals twice the damage taken during the previous hour of hustling. A character who takes any [[SRD:Nonlethal Damage|nonlethal damage]] from hustling becomes [[SRD:Fatigued|fatigued]].

A [[SRD:Fatigued|fatigued]] character can’t run or charge and takes a penalty of –2 to [[SRD:Strength|Strength]] and [[SRD:Dexterity|Dexterity]]. Eliminating the [[SRD:Nonlethal Damage|nonlethal damage]] also eliminates the [[SRD:Fatigued|fatigue]].

=====Run=====

A character can’t run for an extended period of time.

Attempts to run and rest in cycles effectively work out to a hustle.

=====Terrain=====

The terrain through which a character travels affects how much distance he or she can cover in an hour or a day (see Table: Terrain and Overland Movement). A highway is a straight, major, paved road. A road is typically a dirt track. A trail is like a road, except that it allows only single-file travel and does not benefit a party traveling with vehicles. Trackless terrain is a wild area with no paths.

=====Forced March=====

In a day of normal walking, a character walks for 8 hours. The rest of the daylight time is spent making and breaking camp, resting, and eating.

A character can walk for more than 8 hours in a day by making a forced march. For each hour of marching beyond 8 hours, a [[SRD:Constitution Check|Constitution check]] ([[SRD:DC|DC]] 10, +2 per extra hour) is required. If the check fails, the character takes 1d6 points of [[SRD:Nonlethal Damage|nonlethal damage]]. A character who takes any [[SRD:Nonlethal Damage|nonlethal damage]] from a forced march becomes [[SRD:Fatigued|fatigued]]. Eliminating the [[SRD:Nonlethal Damage|nonlethal damage]] also eliminates the [[SRD:Fatigued|fatigue]]. It’s possible for a character to march into unconsciousness by pushing himself too hard.

=====Mounted Movement=====

A mount bearing a rider can move at a hustle. The damage it takes when doing so, however, is lethal damage, not [[SRD:Nonlethal Damage|nonlethal damage]]. The creature can also be ridden in a forced march, but its [[SRD:Constitution Check|Constitution check]]s automatically fail, and, again, the damage it takes is lethal damage. Mounts also become [[SRD:Fatigued|fatigued]] when they take any damage from hustling or forced marches.

See Table: Mounts and Vehicles for mounted speeds and speeds for vehicles pulled by draft [[SRD:Animal Type|animals]].

=====Waterborne Movement=====

See Table: Mounts and Vehicles for speeds for water vehicles.

{| class="d20" style="white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;"
|+
=====Table: Movement and Distance=====
|-
! rowspan="2" | || COLSPAN="4"|Speed
|-
!15 feet !!20 feet !!30 feet !!40 feet
|-
! align="left" | One [[SRD:Round|Round]] (Tactical)1 !! !! !! !!
|-
| align="left" | Walk ||15 ft. ||20 ft. ||30 ft. ||40 ft.
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Hustle ||30 ft. ||40 ft. ||60 ft. ||80 ft.
|-
| align="left" | Run (×3) ||45 ft. ||60 ft. ||90 ft. ||120 ft.
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Run (×4) ||60 ft. ||80 ft. ||120 ft. ||160 ft.
|-
! style="text-align: left;" | One Minute (Local) !! !! !! !!
|-
| align="left" | Walk ||150 ft. ||200 ft. ||300 ft. ||400 ft.
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Hustle ||300 ft. ||400 ft. ||600 ft. ||800 ft.
|-
| align="left" | Run (×3) ||450 ft. ||600 ft. ||900 ft. ||1,200 ft.
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Run (×4) ||600 ft. ||800 ft. ||1,200 ft. ||1,600 ft.
|-
! style="text-align: left;" | One Hour (Overland) !! !! !! !!
|-
| align="left" | Walk ||1-1/2 miles ||2 miles ||3 miles ||4 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Hustle ||3 miles ||4 miles ||6 miles ||8 miles
|-
| align="left" | Run ||— ||— ||— ||—
|-
! style="text-align: left;" | One Day (Overland) !! !! !! !!
|-
| align="left" | Walk ||12 miles ||16 miles ||24 miles ||32 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Hustle ||— ||— ||— ||—
|-
| align="left" | Run ||— ||— ||— ||—
|-
| colspan="5" class="foot" style="white-space: normal;" |
# Tactical movement is often measured in squares on the battle grid (1 square=5 feet) rather than feet.
|}

{| class="d20"
|+
=====Table: Hampered Movement=====
|-
! align="left" | Condition !!Additional Movement Cost
|-
| align="left" | Difficult terrain ||×2
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Obstacle1 ||×2
|-
| align="left" | Poor visibility ||×2
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Impassable ||—
|-
| colspan="2" class="foot" |
# May require a [[SRD:Skill Check|skill check]]
|}

{| class="d20"
|+
=====Table: Terrain and Overland Movement=====
|-
! align="left" | Terrain !!Highway !!Road or Trail !!Trackless
|-
| align="left" | [[SRD:Desert Terrain|Desert, sandy]] ||×1 ||×1/2 ||×1/2
|-class="even"
| align="left" | [[SRD:Forest Terrain|Forest]] ||×1 ||×1 ||×1/2
|-
| align="left" | [[SRD:Hills Terrain|Hills]] ||×1 ||×3/4 ||×1/2
|-class="even"
| align="left" | [[SRD:Forest Terrain|Jungle]] ||×1 ||×3/4 ||×1/4
|-
| align="left" | Moor ||×1 ||×1 ||×3/4
|-class="even"
| align="left" | [[SRD:Mountain Terrain|Mountains]] ||×3/4 ||×3/4 ||×1/2
|-
| align="left" | [[SRD:Plains Terrain|Plains]] ||×1 ||×1 ||×3/4
|-class="even"
| align="left" | [[SRD:Marsh Terrain|Swamp]] ||×1 ||×3/4 ||×1/2
|-
| align="left" | [[SRD:Plains Terrain|Tundra, frozen]] ||×1 ||×3/4 ||×3/4
|}

{| class="d20" style="white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;"
|+
=====Table: Mounts and Vehicles=====
|-
! align="left" | Mount/Vehicle !!Per Hour !!Per Day
|-
! align="left" | Mount (carrying load) !! !!
|-
| align="left" | Light horse or light warhorse ||6 miles ||48 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Light horse (151–450 lb.)1 ||4 miles ||32 miles
|-
| align="left" | Light warhorse (231–690 lb.)1 ||4 miles ||32 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Heavy horse or heavy warhorse ||5 miles ||40 miles
|-
| align="left" | Heavy horse (201–600 lb.)1 ||3-1/2 miles ||28 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Heavy warhorse (301–900 lb.)1 ||3-1/2 miles ||28 miles
|-
| align="left" | Pony or warpony ||4 miles ||32 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Pony (76–225 lb.)1 ||3 miles ||24 miles
|-
| align="left" | Warpony (101–300 lb.)1 ||3 miles ||24 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Donkey or mule ||3 miles ||24 miles
|-
| align="left" | Donkey (51–150 lb.)1 ||2 miles ||16 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Mule (231–690 lb.)1 ||2 miles ||16 miles
|-
| align="left" | Dog, riding ||4 miles ||32 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Dog, riding (101–300 lb.)1 ||3 miles ||24 miles
|-
| align="left" | Cart or wagon ||2 miles ||16 miles
|-
! style="text-align: left;" | Ship !! !!
|-
| align="left" | Raft or barge (poled or towed)2 ||1/2 mile ||5 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Keelboat (rowed)2 ||1 mile ||10 miles
|-
| align="left" | Rowboat (rowed)2 ||1-1/2 miles ||15 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Sailing ship (sailed) ||2 miles ||48 miles
|-
| align="left" | Warship (sailed and rowed) ||2-1/2 miles ||60 miles
|-class="even"
| align="left" | Longship (sailed and rowed) ||3 miles ||72 miles
|-
| align="left" | Galley (rowed and sailed) ||4 miles ||96 miles
|-
| class="foot" colspan="3" style="white-space: normal;" |
# Quadrupeds, such as horses, can carry heavier loads than characters can. See Carrying Capacity, above, for more information.
# Rafts, barges, keelboats, and rowboats are used on lakes and rivers. If going downstream, add the speed of the current (typically 3 miles per hour) to the speed of the vehicle. In addition to 10 hours of being rowed, the vehicle can also float an additional 14 hours, if someone can guide it, so add an additional 42 miles to the daily distance traveled. These vehicles can’t be rowed against any significant current, but they can be pulled upstream by draft [[SRD:Animal Type|animals]] on the shores.
|}

===Evasion and Pursuit===

In [[SRD:Round|round]]-by-round movement, simply counting off squares, it’s impossible for a slow character to get away from a determined fast character without mitigating circumstances. Likewise, it’s no problem for a fast character to get away from a slower one.

When the speeds of the two concerned characters are equal, there’s a simple way to resolve a chase: If one creature is pursuing another, both are moving at the same speed, and the chase continues for at least a few rounds, have them make opposed [[SRD:Dexterity|Dexterity]] checks to see who is the faster over those rounds. If the creature being chased wins, it escapes. If the pursuer wins, it catches the fleeing creature.

Sometimes a chase occurs overland and could last all day, with the two sides only occasionally getting glimpses of each other at a distance. In the case of a long chase, an opposed [[SRD:Constitution Check|Constitution check]] made by all parties determines which can keep pace the longest. If the creature being chased rolls the highest, it gets away. If not, the chaser runs down its prey, outlasting it with stamina.

===Moving Around in Squares===

In general, when the characters aren’t engaged in [[SRD:Round|round]]-by-round combat, they should be able to move anywhere and in any manner that you can imagine real people could. A 5-foot square, for instance, can hold several characters; they just can’t all fight effectively in that small space. The rules for movement are important for combat, but outside combat they can impose unnecessary hindrances on character activities.

==See also==

*[[SRD:Fly|Flying rules]]

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SRD:Movement - История изменений

Dmilewski: Adjust spacing in headers